except the one who has come down from heaven, the Son of Man.
Fallen humanity often expressed the desire to go up to heaven in order to make a name for themselves, as was first recorded at the tower of Babel (see Genesis 11:4). But this project of bridging the gap between humanity and divinity, of transcending our own limitations and weaknesses by our own effort and ingenuity, was never going to succeed. Thus, while our knowledge of earthly things was incomplete but real, our knowledge of heavenly realities was only possible if one from heaven revealed them to us. It was for this reason that Jesus came. He unveiled the mystery of the new birth of baptism to which human birth pointed, and explained to Nicodemus that it was the only way to enter the kingdom of God. Yet there was more above and beyond individual heavenly mysteries and their earthly counterparts. What Jesus came to reveal above all else was his Father, and the love of the Triune God for mankind.
And just as Moses lifted up the serpent in the desert,
so must the Son of Man be lifted up,
so that everyone who believes in him may have eternal life.
In the time of Moses the serpents were sent as punishment for disobedience, leading to death for those bitten by them. In this they were a sign of sin itself, of which death was unavoidable consequence. But we may infer that God was not merely expecting the serpents to destroy his people. He was counting on people turning toward him in there affliction and on Moses interceding for forgiveness and life for his people. So too in the case of Adam and Eve: death was not merely issued as a punishment from a vindictive and angry God. Rather it was meant to be medicinal, preventing people from seeking permanence in impermanent things. For hearts made for immortality it presented two choices: turn to God in hope or despair. God intended to nourish precisely this longing for himself in his creatures so that he could ultimately satisfy it.
For God so loved the world that he gave his only Son,
so that everyone who believes in him might not perish
but might have eternal life.
God the Father deeply desired that people would receive his Son, and through him salvation and eternal life. But this was about more than simply listening to his teaching, though that came from heaven. It was about seeing him lifted up, first on the cross, and then risen and glorified. But the severity of sin made it so that the cross was not optional or accidental. There was no way to Easter that did not proceed through the cross. Salvation made it normatively necessary for people to reckon with what the cross meant for them specifically. It revealed exactly what we were being saved from, just as did the seraph serpents. It did this precisely to reveal the depths of the love of God who did not abandon us even in spite of the price of our disobedience for his beloved only Son. Indeed, even seeing the suffering of his Son from his vantage point of eternity, his love for humanity never wavered. He never second guessed his plan to save us through him.
For God did not send his Son into the world to condemn the world,
but that the world might be saved through him.
In terms of what God asked of humanity in order to receive salvation we can say it was pretty minimal compared to what might have been. Basically it came down to believing in Jesus and allowing that belief to change our lives. He didn't demand pilgrimages or penances or any other great works of ours, much less the building of a tower to heaven. He offered us salvation as a free gift and an open invitation. But the reality of the situation was that it was a rescue mission. And those who willfully and obstinately refused to welcome it would remain unrescued. It was terrifyingly possible to go down with the sinking ship of the world in its present form. Yet some might prefer to do this because we know the alternative is to have the attitude and follow the example set for us by Christ Jesus, who did not cling to what was his own by right, but trusted in his Father to care for him and provide for him. We too must surrender our own lives into the hands of the Father in humility if we hope to be raised up with Jesus and to live with him forever. We could call that difficult. But the only thing harder, ultimately, is any other path.
But he, being merciful, forgave their sin
and destroyed them not;
Often he turned back his anger
and let none of his wrath be roused.





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